Which of the following best defines hygiene factors in Herzberg's theory?

In Herzberg's two-factor theory, hygiene factors are defined as conditions that can prevent job dissatisfaction but do not necessarily lead to job satisfaction. These factors include elements such as salary, company policies, working conditions, and job security. When these hygiene factors are adequate and meet employees' basic needs, they help to avoid dissatisfaction in the workplace. However, their presence alone does not create a sense of satisfaction or motivation; for that, the presence of motivators—such as achievement, recognition, and the nature of the work itself—is necessary. Thus, identifying hygiene factors as conditions that prevent job dissatisfaction accurately captures their role in the workplace.