What does ERG theory suggest about human motivation?

ERG theory, developed by Clayton Alderfer, proposes that human motivation is driven by three core needs: existence, relatedness, and growth. Unlike earlier models of motivation, such as Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which suggest that individuals must satisfy lower-level needs before progressing to higher-level needs in a strict sequence, ERG theory allows for a more flexible view. It posits that individuals can pursue different needs simultaneously rather than in a fixed order.

For example, a person may seek out growth opportunities at work while also prioritizing their social relationships with colleagues and fulfilling basic existence needs, such as job stability and financial security. This simultaneous pursuit reflects the complexity of human motivation, acknowledging that people are influenced by multiple factors and that their needs may vary in importance at different times. Hence, the recognition that existence, relatedness, and growth can occur simultaneously encapsulates a more holistic understanding of motivation beyond rigid hierarchies.